Penalty clause
A contractual clause that imposes a disproportionate monetary penalty on one party for breach of contract in order to obtain strict compliance by coercion. In contract law generally penalty clauses are void and unenforceable.
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Perception discrimination
Direct discrimination includes discrimination because of perception. For example, if a heterosexual man is refused the opportunity for promotion because he is wrongly perceived to be gay he may have a claim based on perception discrimination. Perception discrimination does not apply to pregnancy and maternity or marriage and civil partnership.
Personal service
Arranging for the documents to be handed over personally to the party concerned.